In horticulture, Callus Tissue describes new undifferentiated tissue produced around wounds.

Callus Tissue is especially relevant to fig propagation. Growers use the term when judging whether plant material is forming healthy roots, joining properly, or staying vigorous enough to become a stable young tree.

Callusing is the formation of callus tissue over a wound or cut surface. In propagation and grafting, callus is a mass of new cells that helps seal injured tissue and can support the formation of roots or graft unions under suitable conditions. Fig cuttings often callus before or while roots emerge, especially at the basal cut. A callus alone is not the same as a successful rooted cutting; the cutting still needs healthy buds, moisture balance, oxygen, warmth, and time to produce functional roots.

Calyx is the collective term for the sepals of a flower, usually the outer protective whorl around the developing floral organs. In ordinary flowers the calyx is visible from the outside, but figs are unusual because their tiny flowers are enclosed inside the syconium. In fig descriptions, calyx-related language may appear when discussing the ostiole, the small opening at the end of the fig, or the internal flowers of the syconium. Understanding that a fig is an enclosed inflorescence helps explain why normal flower terms can look different in figs than in open flowers.

Cambial Contact refers to the alignment of living cambium layers in grafting.. . Cambial Contact is most useful when it is tied to the exact plant part, season, cultivar, and growing conditions being described.

The cambium layer is a thin living layer of dividing cells between the wood and the bark of woody plants. It produces new xylem toward the inside and phloem toward the outside, allowing stems and branches to increase in diameter.

For fig growers, cambium is especially important in grafting. A graft has the best chance of healing when the cambium of the scion and rootstock are aligned well enough to form a living union. Cambium health also matters when evaluating bark injury, girdling, and trunk damage.

In horticulture, Cane describes a long, usually one-year-old woody shoot. For pruning, grafting, and variety notes, Cane should be recorded with its position on the shoot so the observation can be connected to buds, fruiting sites, dieback, or new growth.

For Cane, record where it occurs on the shoot or trunk; that position can affect pruning decisions, regrowth after winter injury, grafting, and fruiting wood.

Canker means a localized dead area on bark or stem tissue in practical plant language.. . For Canker, pair the word with symptoms, timing, photos, and the affected plant part before deciding on treatment; several fig problems can look similar at first glance.

Canker disease refers to localized dead or diseased areas on stems, branches, or trunks, often caused by fungi or bacteria entering through wounds or stressed tissue. Cankers may appear sunken, cracked, discolored, or surrounded by callus growth. On figs, canker-like symptoms should be taken seriously because they can girdle branches and contribute to dieback. Good sanitation, pruning into healthy wood, avoiding unnecessary wounds, and reducing plant stress are practical first steps. The exact cause should be identified before assuming a specific disease.

In horticulture, Capillary Mat describes a mat that distributes water beneath containers.. . Capillary Mat is most useful when it is tied to the exact plant part, season, cultivar, and growing conditions being described.

Caprification is the practice of using caprifigs and fig wasps to pollinate figs that require pollination to hold and mature fruit. Traditionally, caprifigs containing pollen and wasps are placed near edible fig trees at the correct stage. This is most important for Smyrna figs and the main crop of many San Pedro figs. Common figs do not require caprification to ripen, although pollination can still affect seed development and flavor in regions where the fig wasp is present.

Caprification Bagging refers to enclosing caprifigs or branches to manage pollination.

Caprification Bagging belongs to the biology of fig pollination and crop behavior. It is important because some fig types can ripen without pollination while others depend on caprification and the fig wasp.

In horticulture, Caprified Fig describes a fig that has been pollinated through caprification.. . Caprified Fig is most useful when it is tied to the exact plant part, season, cultivar, and growing conditions being described.

A caprifig is a male-type fig that supports the life cycle of the fig wasp and produces pollen used to pollinate certain edible figs. Caprifigs are central to traditional fig pollination systems. Most fresh figs grown by home gardeners in areas without fig wasps are common figs and do not need caprifigs. Caprifigs become important when growing Smyrna figs, many San Pedro main crops, breeding seedlings, or studying fig pollination biology.

Caprifig Crop Cycle means the seasonal sequence of caprifig crops that supports fig wasps in practical plant language.

Caprifig Crop Cycle belongs to the biology of fig pollination and crop behavior. It is important because some fig types can ripen without pollination while others depend on caprification and the fig wasp.

Caprifig Mamme is a term used for the overwintering caprifig crop that can carry wasps through winter.

Caprifig Mamme belongs to the biology of fig pollination and crop behavior. It is important because some fig types can ripen without pollination while others depend on caprification and the fig wasp.

Caprifig Mammoni means a summer caprifig crop in the caprifig cycle in practical plant language.

Caprifig Mammoni belongs to the biology of fig pollination and crop behavior. It is important because some fig types can ripen without pollination while others depend on caprification and the fig wasp.